diff --git a/defaults/main.yml b/defaults/main.yml
index 68e7a08..b3c35fe 100644
--- a/defaults/main.yml
+++ b/defaults/main.yml
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ bind9_options:
   allow_update_forwarding: []
   auth_nxdomain: false
   blackhole: []
-  dnssec_validation: true
+  dnssec_accept_expired: false
+  dnssec_validation: "auto"
   forwarders:
   - ip: "8.8.8.8"               # Google IPv4
     port: "53"
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ bind9_options:
   - ip: "2620:0:ccd::2"         # OpenDNS IPv6
     port: "53"
   interface_interval: 0
+  key_directory: "/var/named/dnssec-keys"
   listen_on_ipv4:
   - "127.0.0.1"
   listen_on_ipv6:
@@ -83,6 +85,23 @@ bind9_rndc_key:
   algorithm: ""
   secret: ""
 
+bind9_dnssec_keys: []
+# - origin: "hellenthal.cryptic.systems"
+#   key_signing_key:
+#     private:
+#       filename: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}/example.com.private"
+#       content: "private key"
+#     public:
+#       filename: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}/example.com.private"
+#       content: "public key"
+#   zone_signing_key:
+#     private:
+#       filename: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}/example.com.private"
+#       content: "private key"
+#     public:
+#       filename: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}/example.com.private"
+#       content: "public key"
+
 bind9_statics:
   enabled: true
   channels:
@@ -103,41 +122,47 @@ bind9_views: []
 #   - "!internalnets"
 #   - "any"
 #   zones:
-#   - allow_notify: []
-#     allow_query:
-#     - "any"
-#     allow_query_on: []
-#     allow_update: []
-#     allow_update_forwarding: []
-#     allow_transfer: []
+#   - config:
+#       allow_notify: []
+#       allow_query:
+#       - "any"
+#       allow_query_on: []
+#       allow_update: []
+#       allow_update_forwarding: []
+#       allow_transfer: []
+#       file: zones/external/db.local.example
+#       origin: "example.local."
+#       type: master
+#       notify: true
 #     file: zones/external/db.local.example
-#     origin: "example.local."
-#     type: master
-#     notify: true
 # - name: internal
 #   match_clients:
 #   - "!192.168.178.1"
 #   - "internalnets"
 #   - "127.0.0.0/8"
 #   zones:
-#   - allow_notify: []
-#     allow_query:
-#     - "any"
-#     allow_query_on: []
-#     allow_update: []
-#     allow_update_forwarding: []
-#     allow_transfer: []
+#   - config:
+#       allow_notify: []
+#       allow_query:
+#       - "any"
+#       allow_query_on: []
+#       allow_update: []
+#       allow_update_forwarding: []
+#       allow_transfer: []
+#       file: zones/internal/db.local.example
+#       origin: "example.local."
+#       type: master
 #     file: zones/internal/db.local.example
-#     origin: "example.local."
-#     type: master
-#   - allow_notify: []
-#     allow_query: []
-#     allow_query_on: []
-#     allow_update: []
-#     allow_update_forwarding: []
-#     allow_transfer: []
-#     forward: only
-#     forwarders:
-#     - 192.168.175.1
-#     origin: "gitlab-runner.external.local."
-#     type: forward
+#   - config:
+#       allow_notify: []
+#       allow_query: []
+#       allow_query_on: []
+#       allow_update: []
+#       allow_update_forwarding: []
+#       allow_transfer: []
+#       forward: only
+#       forwarders:
+#       - 192.168.175.1
+#       origin: "gitlab-runner.external.local"
+#       type: forward
+#     file: "gitlab-runner.external.local"
diff --git a/tasks/create_dnssec_files.yml b/tasks/create_dnssec_files.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ab79e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tasks/create_dnssec_files.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+
+- name: "Create private DNSSEC: {{ bind9_dnssec_key.origin }}"
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: "{{ item.private.filename }}"
+    content: "{{ item.private.content }}"
+    owner: "{{ bind_unix_user }}"
+    group: "{{ bind_unix_group }}"
+    mode: "0600"
+  no_log: true
+  with_items:
+  - "{{ bind9_dnssec_key.key_signing_key }}"
+  - "{{ bind9_dnssec_key.zone_signing_key }}"
+
+- name: "Create public DNSSEC: {{ bind9_dnssec_key.origin }}"
+  ansible.builtin.copy:
+    dest: "{{ item.public.filename }}"
+    content: "{{ item.public.content }}"
+    owner: "{{ bind_unix_user }}"
+    group: "{{ bind_unix_group }}"
+    mode: "0644"
+  no_log: true
+  with_items:
+  - "{{ bind9_dnssec_key.key_signing_key }}"
+  - "{{ bind9_dnssec_key.zone_signing_key }}"
diff --git a/tasks/main.yml b/tasks/main.yml
index 23bf025..ebf139f 100644
--- a/tasks/main.yml
+++ b/tasks/main.yml
@@ -41,6 +41,47 @@
       state: absent
     with_items: "{{ files_to_delete.files }}"
 
+- name: Remove existing signed zone files
+  block:
+  - name: Find existing signed zone files
+    ansible.builtin.find:
+      path: "{{ bind_config_directory }}"
+      recurse: true
+      patterns: "*.signed"
+    register: files_to_delete
+  - name: Delete existing signed zone files
+    ansible.builtin.file:
+      path: "{{ item.path }}"
+      state: absent
+    with_items: "{{ files_to_delete.files }}"
+
+- name: Remove existing DNSSEC key directory
+  block:
+  - name: Check if DNSSEC key directory exists
+    ansible.builtin.stat:
+      path: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}"
+    register: _stat_bind9_options_key_directory
+  - name: Remove DNSSEC key directory
+    ansible.builtin.file:
+      path: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}"
+      state: "absent"
+    when: _stat_bind9_options_key_directory.stat.exists
+
+- name: Create DNSSEC key directory
+  ansible.builtin.file:
+    path: "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}"
+    owner: "{{ bind_unix_user }}"
+    group: "{{ bind_unix_group }}"
+    mode: "0700"
+    state: directory
+
+- name: Create DNSSEC files
+  ansible.builtin.include_tasks: create_dnssec_files.yml
+  with_items: "{{ bind9_dnssec_keys }}"
+  no_log: true
+  loop_control:
+    loop_var: bind9_dnssec_key
+
 - name: Create DNS-Zone files
   ansible.builtin.include_tasks: template_zone_files.yml
   with_items:
diff --git a/tasks/sign_zone_file.yml b/tasks/sign_zone_file.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..445a31a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tasks/sign_zone_file.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+---
+
+- name: "Sign DNS Zone {{ zone.config.origin }}"
+  vars:
+    dnssec_cmd:
+    - dnssec-signzone
+    - -N
+    - INCREMENT
+    - -S
+    - -K
+    - "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}"
+  block:
+  - name: "Extend dnssec command of ORIGIN"
+    ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+      _dnssec_cmd: "{{ dnssec_cmd + ['-o', zone.config.origin] }}"
+  - name: "Extend dnssec command of zone file"
+    ansible.builtin.set_fact:
+      _dnssec_cmd: "{{ _dnssec_cmd + [bind_config_directory + '/' + zone.file] }}"
+  - name: "Sign zone {{ zone.config.origin }}"
+    ansible.builtin.command:
+      argv: "{{ _dnssec_cmd }}"
+      creates: "{{ bind_config_directory + '/' + zone.file }}.signed"
+  - name: Adapt signed zone file permissions
+    ansible.builtin.file:
+      path: "{{ bind_config_directory + '/' + zone.file }}.signed"
+      owner: "{{ bind_unix_user }}"
+      group: "{{ bind_unix_group }}"
+      mode: "0644"
diff --git a/tasks/template_zone_files.yml b/tasks/template_zone_files.yml
index c7fd080..6d42421 100644
--- a/tasks/template_zone_files.yml
+++ b/tasks/template_zone_files.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 
-- name: "Create directory for zone {{ zone.file | dirname }}"
+- name: "Create config directory of DNS zone {{ zone.config.origin }}"
   ansible.builtin.file:
     path: "{{ bind_config_directory }}/{{ zone.file | dirname }}"
     owner: "{{ bind_unix_user }}"
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
   - "{{ view.zones }}"
   loop_control:
     loop_var: zone
-  when: zone.file is defined and zone.file | length > 0
+  when: zone.file is defined and
+        zone.file | length > 0
 
 - name: "Template view {{ view.name }}"
   ansible.builtin.template:
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@
   - "{{ view.zones }}"
   loop_control:
     loop_var: zone
-  when: zone.type == 'master'
+  when: zone.config.type == 'master'
   notify: Restart named
 
 - name: Check if last character in zone files is a newline
@@ -33,4 +34,15 @@
   - "{{ view.zones }}"
   loop_control:
     loop_var: zone
-  when: zone.type == 'master'
+  when: zone.config.type == 'master'
+
+- name: Sign Zones
+  ansible.builtin.include_tasks: sign_zone_file.yml
+  with_items:
+  - "{{ view.zones }}"
+  loop_control:
+    loop_var: zone
+  when: zone.config.type == 'master' and
+        bind9_dnssec_keys | selectattr('origin', 'in', zone.config.origin) | map(attribute='zone_signing_key') | length > 0 and
+        (bind9_dnssec_keys | selectattr('origin', 'in', zone.config.origin) | map(attribute='zone_signing_key'))[0].private | length > 0 and
+        (bind9_dnssec_keys | selectattr('origin', 'in', zone.config.origin) | map(attribute='zone_signing_key'))[0].public  | length > 0
diff --git a/tasks/verify_zone_file.yml b/tasks/verify_zone_file.yml
index 893c3d7..02854d1 100644
--- a/tasks/verify_zone_file.yml
+++ b/tasks/verify_zone_file.yml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 
-- name: "Read the last character of DNS Zonefile: {{ bind_config_directory + '/' + zone.file }}"
+- name: "Read the last character of DNS zone: {{ zone.config.origin }}"
   ansible.builtin.command:
     cmd: "tail --bytes 1 {{ bind_config_directory + '/' + zone.file }}"
   register: _bind9_zone_last_character
diff --git a/templates/etc/named/named.conf.options.j2 b/templates/etc/named/named.conf.options.j2
index 6e0d5b9..bc08613 100644
--- a/templates/etc/named/named.conf.options.j2
+++ b/templates/etc/named/named.conf.options.j2
@@ -186,9 +186,24 @@ options {
 
   directory "{{ bind_config_directory }}";
 
-  dnssec-validation {{ 'yes' if bind9_options.dnssec_validation else 'no' }};
+  # This accepts expired signatures when verifying DNSSEC signatures. The default is no. Setting this option to yes
+  # leaves named vulnerable to replay attacks.
+  dnssec-accept-expired {{ "yes" if bind9_options.dnssec_accept_expired else "no" }};
 
-  # dump-file "/var/bind/named.dump";
+  # Enables DNSSEC validation in named.
+  #
+  # auto: If set to auto, DNSSEC validation is enabled and a default trust anchor for the DNS root zone is used. This
+  # trust anchor is provided as part of BIND and is kept up-to-date
+  #
+  # yes: If set to yes, DNSSEC validation is enabled, but a trust anchor must be manually configured using a
+  # trust-anchors statement (or the managed-keys or trusted-keys statements, both deprecated). If trust-anchors is not
+  # configured, it is a configuration error. If trust-anchors does not include a valid root key, then validation does
+  # not take place for names which are not covered by any of the configured trust anchors.
+  #
+  # no: If set to no, DNSSEC validation is disabled.
+  #
+  # https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html#namedconf-statement-dnssec-validation
+  dnssec-validation {{ bind9_options.dnssec_validation | default('auto') }};
 
 {% if bind9_options.forwarders is defined and bind9_options.forwarders | length > 0 %}
   forwarders {
@@ -231,6 +246,13 @@ options {
   };
 {% endif %}
 
+  # Indicates the directory where public and private DNSSEC key files are found.
+  #
+  # This is the directory where the public and private DNSSEC key files should be found when performing a dynamic update
+  # of secure zones, if different than the current working directory.
+  # https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html#namedconf-statement-key-directory
+  key-directory "{{ bind9_options.key_directory }}";
+
   # managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
   # memstatistics-file "/var/bind/named.memstats";
   minimal-responses {{ bind9_options.minimal_responses }};
diff --git a/templates/etc/named/named.conf.views.j2 b/templates/etc/named/named.conf.views.j2
index 7fc8d93..926783d 100644
--- a/templates/etc/named/named.conf.views.j2
+++ b/templates/etc/named/named.conf.views.j2
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
   };
 
 {% for zone in view.zones %}
-  zone "{{ zone.origin }}" {
+  zone "{{ zone.config.origin }}" {
 
     # Hosts which are allowed to issue queries to the server. If not specified all
     # hosts are allowed to make queries (defaults to allow-query {any;};
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # NOTE:
     # - The statements may be used in a zone, view or a global options
     #   clause.
-{% if zone.allow_query is defined and zone.allow_query | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.allow_query is defined and zone.config.allow_query | length > 0 %}
     allow-query {
-{% for entry in zone.allow_query %}
+{% for entry in zone.config.allow_query %}
       {{ entry }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # NOTE:
     # - The statements may be used in a zone, view or a global options
     #   clause.
-{% if zone.allow_query_on is defined and zone.allow_query_on | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.allow_query_on is defined and zone.config.allow_query_on | length > 0 %}
     allow-query {
-{% for entry in zone.allow_query_on %}
+{% for entry in zone.config.allow_query_on %}
       {{ entry }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     #
     # NOTE:
     # - This statement may be used in a zone, view or global options clause.
-{% if zone.allow_transfer is defined and zone.allow_transfer | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.allow_transfer is defined and zone.config.allow_transfer | length > 0 %}
     allow-transfer {
-{% for entry in zone.allow_transfer %}
+{% for entry in zone.config.allow_transfer %}
       key {{ entry }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     #
     # NOTE:
     # - This statement may be used in a zone, view or an options clause.
-{% if zone.allow_update is defined and zone.allow_update | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.allow_update is defined and zone.config.allow_update | length > 0 %}
     allow-update {
-{% for entry in zone.allow_update %}
+{% for entry in zone.config.allow_update %}
       key {{ entry }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     #
     # NOTE:
     # - This statement may be used in zone, view or an options clause.
-{% if zone.allow_update_forwarding is defined and zone.allow_update_forwarding | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.allow_update_forwarding is defined and zone.config.allow_update_forwarding | length > 0 %}
     allow-update-forwarding {
-{% for entry in zone.allow_update_forwarding %}
+{% for entry in zone.config.allow_update_forwarding %}
       {{ entry }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     #   contact the Master, ffor whatever reason, the zone may be left with
     #   no effective Authoritative Name Servers.
 {% if zone.file is defined and zone.file | length > 0 and not zone.file.startswith('/') %}
-    file "{{ bind_config_directory }}/{{ zone.file }}";
+    file "{{ bind_config_directory }}/{{ zone.config.file }}";
 {% elif zone.file is defined and zone.file | length > 0 and zone.file.startswith('/')%}
-    file "{{ zone.file }}";
+    file "{{ zone.config.file }}";
 {% else %}
     # file "{{ bind_config_directory }}/...";
 {% endif %}
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # forwarders first; if that does not answer the question, the server then
     # looks for the answer itself. If only is specified, the server only queries
     # the forwarders.
-{% if zone.forward is defined and zone.forward | length > 0 %}
-    forward {{ zone.forward }};
+{% if zone.config.forward is defined and zone.config.forward | length > 0 %}
+    forward {{ zone.config.forward }};
 {% else %}
     # forward first;
 {% endif %}
@@ -152,9 +152,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # associated with an optional port number and/or DSCP value, and a default
     # port number and DSCP value can be set for the entire list.
     # https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html#forwarding
-{% if zone.forwarders is defined and zone.forwarders | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.forwarders is defined and zone.config.forwarders | length > 0 %}
     forwarders {
-{% for forwarder in zone.forwarders %}
+{% for forwarder in zone.config.forwarders %}
       {{ forwarder }};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
 
     # master servers
     # https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/latest/manpages.html?highlight=masters#masters
-{% if zone.masters is defined and zone.masters | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.masters is defined and zone.config.masters | length > 0 %}
     masters {
-{% for master in zone.masters %}
+{% for master in zone.config.masters %}
       {{ master.ip }} key {{ master.tsigkey}};
 {% endfor %}
     };
@@ -190,9 +190,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # NOTE:
     # - This statement may be specified in zone, view clauses or in a
     #   global options clause.
-{% if zone.notify is defined and zone.notify %}
+{% if zone.config.notify is defined and zone.config.notify %}
     notify yes;
-{% elif zone.notify is defined and not zone.notify %}
+{% elif zone.config.notify is defined and not zone.config.notify %}
     notify no;
 {% else %}
     # notify yes | no;
@@ -216,13 +216,13 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # is the current date in the form “YYYYMMDD”, followed by two
     # zeroes, unless the existing serial number is already greater than
     # or equal to that value, in which case it is incremented by one.
-{% if zone.serial_update_method is defined %}
-    serial-update-method {{ zone.serial_update_method }};
+{% if zone.config.serial_update_method is defined %}
+    serial-update-method {{ zone.config.serial_update_method }};
 {% else %}
     # serial-update-method [date | increment | unixtime ];
 {% endif %}
 
-    type {{ zone.type }};
+    type {{ zone.config.type }};
 
     # The update-policy clause allows more fine-grained control over which
     # updates are allowed. It specifies a set of rules, in which each rule
@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ view "{{ view.name }}" {
     # updated by one or more identities. Identity is determined by the key that
     # signed the update request, using either TSIG or SIG(0).
     # https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/v9_16_5/reference.html#dynamic-update-policies
-{% if zone.update_policies is defined and zone.update_policies | length > 0 %}
+{% if zone.config.update_policies is defined and zone.config.update_policies | length > 0 %}
     update-policy {
-{% for update_policy in zone.update_policies %}
+{% for update_policy in zone.config.update_policies %}
       {{ update_policy.action }} {{ update_policy.identity }} {{ update_policy.ruletype }} {{ update_policy.name | default('') }} {{ update_policy.types | default('') | join(' ') }};
 {% endfor %}
     };